POWER ELECTRONICS – PAGE 5
Full Wave Rectifier (Center-Tapped)
1️⃣ Introduction
A Full Wave Rectifier converts both positive and negative half cycles of AC into pulsating DC. Unlike half-wave rectifier, it uses the entire input waveform.
2️⃣ Circuit Components
- Center-tapped transformer
- Two diodes (D1, D2)
- Load resistance (R)
3️⃣ Working Principle
Positive Half Cycle
- D1 conducts
- D2 is reverse biased
- Current flows through load
Negative Half Cycle
- D2 conducts
- D1 is reverse biased
- Current direction through load remains SAME
Important: Output is positive for both half cycles.
4️⃣ Output Waveform
- Frequency of output = 2f
- No negative portion
- Higher average voltage
- Lower ripple compared to half-wave
5️⃣ Important Derivations
Average Output Voltage:
Vavg = (2Vm) / π
RMS Output Voltage:
Vrms = Vm / √2
Ripple Factor:
r = 0.482
Rectification Efficiency:
η = 81.2%
6️⃣ Comparison: Half vs Full Wave
| Parameter | Half Wave | Full Wave |
|---|---|---|
| Efficiency | 40.6% | 81.2% |
| Ripple | High | Lower |
| Output Frequency | f | 2f |
| Transformer Usage | Single Winding | Center Tapped |
GATE / PSU Focus: Average voltage derivation, ripple factor comparison, efficiency formula, waveform drawing.
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